May 9, 2024
آراء, قضايا

أزمة السيولة في ليبيا: اللجوء إلى طباعة نقود جديدة

أحمد الخميسي

يسعى المصرف المركزي لحل أزمة السيولة في ليبيا عبر طباعة النقود من العملة المحلية، وذلك من فئة عشرة دنانير، بقيمة خمسة مليارات دينار، وضخها في الاقتصاد خلال شهر مايو/ أيار الحالي وفقا لثلاثة مصادر من المصرف المركزي لـ“العربي الجديد“.

ويأتي ذلك بالتزامن مع أزمة السيولة في ليبيا التي يواجهها القطاع المصرفي خلال الفترة الحالية، حيث يصطف المواطنون في طوابير طويلة مع ازدحام شديد أمام المصارف التجارية. وغالبا ما تلجأ الحكومات، حينما تتعرض لتراجع في مواردها المالية، إلى طبع أموال “بنكنوت“، لتوفير السيولة اللازمة لدفع مرتبات العاملين في أجهزة الدولة وتغطية الإنفاق العام.

وقال مدير مركز أويا للدراسات الاقتصادية (غير حكومي) أحمد أبولسين في تصريحات لـ“العربي الجديد” إن المشكلة في عرض النقود الذي قفز إلى معدلات قياسية، والمطلوب تخفيضه. وأوضح أن ضخ نقود جديدة في الاقتصاد هي مشكلة جديدة سوف يكون لها تأثيرات منها أن عرض النقود ما زال مرتفعًا وأن سحب عملة ومن ثمة ضخ نقود جديدة يعني البقاء في الأزمة ذاتها، وسط حصول انعكاسات أخرى منها ارتفاع الأسعار وارتفاع سعر الصرف في السوق الموازي.

ودعا إلى ضرورة اتخاذ سياسات رشيدة تستهدف إعادة الثقة في الجهاز المصرفي وفي ذات الوقت إعادة التوازن التدريجي لعرض النقد، وذلك باتخاذ جملة من الإجراءات من بينها إلغاء وحدات نقدية من فئات سابقة من العملة بشكل تدريجي مع استخدام الكوبونات المعتمدة من المصارف في دفع فواتير الكهرباء والهاتف والوقود بما يخفف الحاجة للنقود السائلة.

حلول أزمة السيولة في ليبيا

وقال المحلل الاقتصادي الصديق الساعدي إنه يختلف مع قرار مصرف ليبيا المركزي، شارحاً  لـ“العربي الجديد” أنه في حالة طباعة نقود جديدة وتعويض الجمهور الذي تضرر من الفئات المزورة، فإن أزمة السيولة في ليبيا لن يتم حلها جذرياً.

وأشار إلى أن طباعة النقود سوف تحدث انفراجات بسيطة ثم تعود الأزمة من جديد، وهذه هي الحال منذ عام 2011، مطالبًا بضرورة اتخاذ جملة من الإجراءات أولها تعيين مجلس إدارة مصرف ليبيا المركزي.

وأعلن مصرف ليبيا المركزي عن سحب أوراق نقدية من فئة الخمسين دينارا من التداول بسبب وجود عملة مزورة تسببت في عدم استقرار الأسواق وزيادة الطلب على النقد الأجنبي.

تشير البيانات الرسمية إلى أن السيولة المتداولة خارج القطاع المصرفي تبلغ 43.15 مليار دينار (الدولار 4.8 دنانير) حتى نهاية الربع الرابع من العام، في حين معدلها الطبيعي لا يتعدى سبعة مليارات دينار.

________________

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